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Thursday 1 June 2006
MATERIALI METALLICI MASSIVI NANOSTRUTTURATI TRAMITE INTENSE DEFORMAZIONI PLASTICHE
I. Salvatori Referee: U. Franzoni, G. Buzzichelli Paper sent to: Nanotec.IT Newsletter June 2006
In recent years, bulk nanostructured materials (BNM) processed by methods of severe plastic deformation (SPD) have attracted the growing interest of specialists in materials science. This interest is conditioned not only by unique physical and mechanical properties inherent to various nanostructured materials, e.g. processed by gas condensation or ball milling with subsequent consolidation, but also by several advantages of SPD materials as compared to other BNM.
In particular, SPD methods resulted in overcoming of a number of difficulties connected with residual porosity in compacted samples, impurities from ball milling, processing of large scale billets and practical application of the given materials.
For this reason (SPD has gained importance because of the direct conversion of bulk metals and alloys with conventional grain sizes to nanoscaled materials with outstanding new properties.
Nano-scaling by SPD is considered to be the result of very high plastic deformation at low temperatures carried out under special conditions with the aim of microstructure refinement. That means the formation of an extensive dislocation cell network with small angle boundaries, developing to a microstructure with mainly high angle grain boundaries within the whole volume. The direct refinement of conventional grain size into nano-scaled bulk materials demands appropriate conditions: essential for SPD are mainly the multidirectionality of deformation, the enhanced hydrostatic pressure and the preservation of the original shape of samples.
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